The Impact of Compensation and Training on Organizational Performance: The Mediating Role of Employee Performance During Covid

Purpose: This study aims to measure the impact of compensation and training on organization performance along with the mediating role of employee performance during Pandemic COVID-19. Methodology: This study was done by a simple survey-based questionnaire drafted through Google Forms, and throughout the entire research, a quantitative approach has been incorporated. whereas, for the data collection, two methods, namely primary and secondary, were used, among which the questionnaire filled out was a primary method. Furthermore, this quantitative research was conducted with a population of 231 people and a sample of 149 respondents with a non-convenience sampling method adopted to gather data from respondents. Findings: After statistical tests for hypothesis testing, the study found that two hypotheses H2–the considerable impact of training on organizational performance and H4 – the significant impact of salary on employee performance were accepted. Conclusion: The compensation provided to employees, either financial or non-financial, plays a key role in retaining employees’ confidence, reducing their turnover, and motivating them to work hard, which ultimately benefits the firm. Training, on the other hand, is a crucial step towards the development, betterment, and growth of the organization as a well-trained and up-to-date workforce guarantees a successful organization. Thus, it is concluded that employee training and compensation play an important role in the growth of employees and the organization

The Impact of Compensation and Training on Organizational Performance: The Mediating Role of Employee Performance During Covid

Purpose: This study aims to measure the impact of compensation and training on organization performance along with the mediating role of employee performance during Pandemic COVID-19. Methodology: This study was done by a simple survey-based questionnaire drafted through Google Forms, and throughout the entire research, a quantitative approach has been incorporated. whereas, for the data collection, two methods, namely primary and secondary, were used, among which the questionnaire filled out was a primary method. Furthermore, this quantitative research was conducted with a population of 231 people and a sample of 149 respondents with a non-convenience sampling method adopted to gather data from respondents. Findings: After statistical tests for hypothesis testing, the study found that two hypotheses H2–the considerable impact of training on organizational performance and H4 – the significant impact of salary on employee performance were accepted. Conclusion: The compensation provided to employees, either financial or non-financial, plays a key role in retaining employees’ confidence, reducing their turnover, and motivating them to work hard, which ultimately benefits the firm. Training, on the other hand, is a crucial step towards the development, betterment, and growth of the organization as a well-trained and up-to-date workforce guarantees a successful organization. Thus, it is concluded that employee training and compensation play an important role in the growth of employees and the organization

Traced on the timeline: Discovery of acetylcholine and the components of the human cholinergic system in a primitive unicellular eukaryote acanthamoeba spp.

Acetylcholine (ACh) is the neurotransmitter of cholinergic signal transduction that affects the target cells via muscarinic (mAChR) and nicotinic (nAChR) cholinergic receptors embedded in the cell membrane. Of the cholinergic receptors that bind to ACh, the mAChRs execute several cognitive and metabolic functions in the human central nervous system (CNS). Very little is known about the origins and autocrine/paracrine roles of the ACh in primitive life forms. With the recent report of the evidence of an ACh binding mAChR1 like receptor in Acanthamoeba spp., it was tempting to investigate the origin and functional roles of cholinergic G-Protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) in the biology of eukaryotes. We inferred the presence of ACh, its synthetic, degradation system, and a signal transduction pathway in an approximately ∼2.0 billion year old primitive eukaryotic cell Acanthamoeba castellanii. Bioinformatics analysis, ligand binding prediction, and docking methods were used to establish the origins of enzymes involved in the synthesis and degradation of ACh. Notably, we provide evidence of the presence of ACh in A. castellanii by colorimetric analysis, which to date is the only report of its presence in this primitiveunicellular eukaryote. We show the evidence for the presence of homology of evolutionary conserved key enzymes of the cholinergic systemlike choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in A. castellanii spp., which were found to be near identical to their human counterparts. Tracing the origin, functions of ACh, and primeval mAChRs in primitive eukaryotic cells has the potential of uncovering covert cholinergic pathways that can be extended to humans in order to understand the states of cholinergic deficiency in neurodegenerative diseases (ND)

Phytoremediation of heavy metals from industrially contaminated soil using sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) by inoculation of two indigenous bacteria

The phytoremediation technique is gaining excessive consideration as a promising method to remediate industrially contaminated soils with heavy metals. In this study, a pot experiment was performed in which the ornamental plant Helianthus annus L. was grown in the pots with three concentrations i.e., 0, 5, and 10 % of contaminated soil amended with compost (2 %) in all pots of the experiment following three treatments of bacteria i.e., Co, Stutzerimonas stutzeri and Pseudomonas sundara. After sixty days of the experiment, the plants were harvested and morphological, physiological, antioxidants and pollution parameters were investigated. The plant height and biomass of the sunflower were increased by the inoculation of S. stutzeri and P. sundara. Pigments e.g., chlorophyll a, b, carotenoids and proteins of the plants were enhanced. There was an increase in antioxidants e.g., catalase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase and proline content and a decrease in hydrogen peroxide content of plants by inoculation of S. stutzeri and P. sundara. The bacteria boosted the uptake of heavy metals (cadmium, chromium and lead) in parts of plants. Post-harvested soil analysis indicated decreased electronic conductivity, total dissolved solids, bicarbonates and heavy metals in the soil. In the future, the combination of H. annus and bacteria could be a better technique to remediate the heavy metals in industrially polluted soils

Microbe assisted phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soil by using African marigold (Tagetes erecta L.)

Phytoremediation is a clean and green potentially cost-effective technology for remediating heavy metal-contaminated soil. In this study, a pot experiment was set up in which ornamental Tagetes erecta L. was grown in the pots with three concentrations i.e., 0, 5, and 10 % of contaminated soil amended with compost (2 %) in all pots of the experiment following three treatments of bacteria i.e., Co, Stutzerimonas stutzeri and Pseudomonas sundara. The experiment was composed of three replicates. After sixty days of the experiment, the plants were harvested. After harvesting morphological, physiological, antioxidants, and pollution parameters were investigated. By the inoculation of the S. stutzeri and P. sundara the height and biomass of the T. erecta enhanced as compared to control. Inoculated bacteria S. stutzeri and P. sundara enhanced the pigments, protein and water content of the plants. Bacteria also enhanced the antioxidants e.g., melatonin, catalase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase and proline to minimize oxidative stress as evidenced by the reduction of hydrogen peroxide. The plants treated with S. stutzeri and P. sundara absorb high concentrations of heavy metals (chromium, cadmium and lead) in their parts. Post-analysis of the soil showed a decrease in pollution indicators. The results of this study can be used for the management and decontamination of the heavy metal polluted sites with the help of hyperaccumulator ornamental plants by inoculation of bacteria

Effects of pre-operative isolation on postoperative pulmonary complications after elective surgery: an international prospective cohort study an international prospective cohort study

We aimed to determine the impact of pre-operative isolation on postoperative pulmonary complications after elective surgery during the global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. We performed an international prospective cohort study including patients undergoing elective surgery in October 2020. Isolation was defined as the period before surgery during which patients did not leave their house or receive visitors from outside their household. The primary outcome was postoperative pulmonary complications, adjusted in multivariable models for measured confounders. Pre-defined sub-group analyses were performed for the primary outcome. A total of 96,454 patients from 114 countries were included and overall, 26,948 (27.9%) patients isolated before surgery. Postoperative pulmonary complications were recorded in 1947 (2.0%) patients of which 227 (11.7%) were associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Patients who isolated pre-operatively were older, had more respiratory comorbidities and were more commonly from areas of high SARS-CoV-2 incidence and high-income countries. Although the overall rates of postoperative pulmonary complications were similar in those that isolated and those that did not (2.1% vs 2.0%, respectively), isolation was associated with higher rates of postoperative pulmonary complications after adjustment (adjusted OR 1.20, 95%CI 1.05–1.36, p = 0.005). Sensitivity analyses revealed no further differences when patients were categorised by: pre-operative testing; use of COVID-19-free pathways; or community SARS-CoV-2 prevalence. The rate of postoperative pulmonary complications increased with periods of isolation longer than 3 days, with an OR (95%CI) at 4–7 days or ≥ 8 days of 1.25 (1.04–1.48), p = 0.015 and 1.31 (1.11–1.55), p = 0.001, respectively. Isolation before elective surgery might be associated with a small but clinically important increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. Longer periods of isolation showed no reduction in the risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. These findings have significant implications for global provision of elective surgical care. We aimed to determine the impact of pre-operative isolation on postoperative pulmonary complications after elective surgery during the global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. We performed an international prospective cohort study including patients undergoing elective surgery in October 2020. Isolation was defined as the period before surgery during which patients did not leave their house or receive visitors from outside their household. The primary outcome was postoperative pulmonary complications, adjusted in multivariable models for measured confounders. Pre-defined sub-group analyses were performed for the primary outcome. A total of 96,454 patients from 114 countries were included and overall, 26,948 (27.9%) patients isolated before surgery. Postoperative pulmonary complications were recorded in 1947 (2.0%) patients of which 227 (11.7%) were associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Patients who isolated pre-operatively were older, had more respiratory comorbidities and were more commonly from areas of high SARS-CoV-2 incidence and high-income countries. Although the overall rates of postoperative pulmonary complications were similar in those that isolated and those that did not (2.1% vs 2.0%, respectively), isolation was associated with higher rates of postoperative pulmonary complications after adjustment (adjusted OR 1.20, 95%CI 1.05–1.36, p = 0.005). Sensitivity analyses revealed no further differences when patients were categorised by: pre-operative testing; use of COVID-19-free pathways; or community SARS-CoV-2 prevalence. The rate of postoperative pulmonary complications increased with periods of isolation longer than 3 days, with an OR (95%CI) at 4–7 days or ≥ 8 days of 1.25 (1.04–1.48), p = 0.015 and 1.31 (1.11–1.55), p = 0.001, respectively. Isolation before elective surgery might be associated with a small but clinically important increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. Longer periods of isolation showed no reduction in the risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. These findings have significant implications for global provision of elective surgical care